BS
6 Norms
Learning out come:
1)Introducing Bharat stage
2)Technology related knowledge
3)Environment impact
4)administration point of view
1)Bharat Stage:
>Vehcular Emmission Standard----Made by GOI to check air pollution @PPM.
>Who decides standard= Environment Ministry
>Who implements= CPCB (Central Pollution Control Bord)
>Globally(out side India) = European Emmission Standard.
>Current standard= BS6 ......yet to be implemented(2020 most probably)
>Comparing BS4 and BS6
1)Introducing Bharat stage
2)Technology related knowledge
3)Environment impact
4)administration point of view
1)Bharat Stage:
>Vehcular Emmission Standard----Made by GOI to check air pollution @PPM.
>Who decides standard= Environment Ministry
>Who implements= CPCB (Central Pollution Control Bord)
>Globally(out side India) = European Emmission Standard.
>Current standard= BS6 ......yet to be implemented(2020 most probably)
>Comparing BS4 and BS6
BS4
|
BS6
|
|
PM (Particulate Matter)
|
50 PPM
|
10 PPM
|
Sulphur (See environment section for impact @ 3)
|
80 % ↓
|
|
Nitrogne (See environment section for impact @ 3)
|
70 % ↓
|
2)Technology related knowledge
>To accomodate PM (Particulate matter):
>> Fuel refinary Upgradation
>>Change in Engine design
>> 2 Wheeler issue:
>>>Presently 2 wheeler uses = Carborate system in engine.
>>>>Carborate System= fuel+ air is mixed in required ratio then enters engine.
>>>Carborate system need to be replaced with= Fuel injection system.
>>>>This takes lots of time......@existing 2 wheeler poses challenge.
>To accomodate Gas norms:
>>better Catalyst is required....usually in exaust pipe.
>To accomodate tracking system:
>>On Board Diagnostic= a equipment fitted in vehcle....suo motu examines any deviation.
Image ↓:
>To accomodate PM (Particulate matter):
>> Fuel refinary Upgradation
>>Change in Engine design
>> 2 Wheeler issue:
>>>Presently 2 wheeler uses = Carborate system in engine.
>>>>Carborate System= fuel+ air is mixed in required ratio then enters engine.
>>>Carborate system need to be replaced with= Fuel injection system.
>>>>This takes lots of time......@existing 2 wheeler poses challenge.
>To accomodate Gas norms:
>>better Catalyst is required....usually in exaust pipe.
>To accomodate tracking system:
>>On Board Diagnostic= a equipment fitted in vehcle....suo motu examines any deviation.
Image ↓:
3)Environmental
Impact:
>33.33 % of air pollution (1/3rd ) = Vehcular
>7 of the worlds top 10 polluted city is in India.
>SMOG (Smoke+ Fog)formation(Sulphur Vs Nitrogen) :
>>Types = 1)Photochemical Smog 2)Industrial Smog
1)Photochemical Smog:
>Yellowish/ Brownish Color
>Source= Vehcular fuel
>Whether condition = Dry + Sunny
>Explain:
>> NOx = from exaust of Vechle forms= NO2
>>NO2 + UV rays = NO + O
>> O +O2 = Ozone = Ozone in bottom strata causes Resperetory disease + Plant disease etc.
>>RC (Hydro carbon) + O = RCO (Aldehyde/Ketone) + O2
>>RCO + O2 = RCO3 (Peroxide)
>>Peroxide further boosts Ozone formation.
>>Note= NO2 gives yellowish/brownish colour to Smog
2)Industrial Smog:
>Grey color
>Source = Coal burning in industries.
>Wheather= Damp + Cool temp
>AKA “London Smog” = first found there.
>Explain:
>>Coal contains = Sulphur----After burning = Sulphor diaoxide.
>>SO2 + H2O (Moisture= therefore damp climate)= Sulphuric Acid.
>>Impact= irritation in eye + skin issues etc.
>Delhi Smog @ winter= combination of Industrial Smog + Photochemical Smog + stubble burning
>So, smoke from (Vechle +Industry + stubble burn) + (Fog) =Smog
>Health Impact = Lungs disease +Respiratory issues
4)administration point of view:
>Non Family Hardship Posting:
--If pollution of Delhi does not improves---- delhi can be declared Non Family Hardship Posting.
>Non Family Hardship Posting=Diplomat posted there will need extra compensation...or will leave delhi.
>Sales are new limit for change:
--earlier to adopt any new norms= Production unit was norms.....as a result when entire lots produce was sold then new norms on new production.
>But now,Sales are new unit= Even if Inventry has old goods you need to stop selling that if permissible sales quota is over.-------Potential of Corruption ....Current slowdown in Auto sector.
>Old Vechle= ensuring no old vehcle on road
Other impacts:
--Cost of Vechle ↑ ......impact demand @india being cost sensitive market
--Air quality index monitors following gases:
>PM = PM 2.5 and PM10
>CO
>SOx
>NOx
>Ozone
>33.33 % of air pollution (1/3rd ) = Vehcular
>7 of the worlds top 10 polluted city is in India.
>SMOG (Smoke+ Fog)formation(Sulphur Vs Nitrogen) :
>>Types = 1)Photochemical Smog 2)Industrial Smog
1)Photochemical Smog:
>Yellowish/ Brownish Color
>Source= Vehcular fuel
>Whether condition = Dry + Sunny
>Explain:
>> NOx = from exaust of Vechle forms= NO2
>>NO2 + UV rays = NO + O
>> O +O2 = Ozone = Ozone in bottom strata causes Resperetory disease + Plant disease etc.
>>RC (Hydro carbon) + O = RCO (Aldehyde/Ketone) + O2
>>RCO + O2 = RCO3 (Peroxide)
>>Peroxide further boosts Ozone formation.
>>Note= NO2 gives yellowish/brownish colour to Smog
2)Industrial Smog:
>Grey color
>Source = Coal burning in industries.
>Wheather= Damp + Cool temp
>AKA “London Smog” = first found there.
>Explain:
>>Coal contains = Sulphur----After burning = Sulphor diaoxide.
>>SO2 + H2O (Moisture= therefore damp climate)= Sulphuric Acid.
>>Impact= irritation in eye + skin issues etc.
>Delhi Smog @ winter= combination of Industrial Smog + Photochemical Smog + stubble burning
>So, smoke from (Vechle +Industry + stubble burn) + (Fog) =Smog
>Health Impact = Lungs disease +Respiratory issues
4)administration point of view:
>Non Family Hardship Posting:
--If pollution of Delhi does not improves---- delhi can be declared Non Family Hardship Posting.
>Non Family Hardship Posting=Diplomat posted there will need extra compensation...or will leave delhi.
>Sales are new limit for change:
--earlier to adopt any new norms= Production unit was norms.....as a result when entire lots produce was sold then new norms on new production.
>But now,Sales are new unit= Even if Inventry has old goods you need to stop selling that if permissible sales quota is over.-------Potential of Corruption ....Current slowdown in Auto sector.
>Old Vechle= ensuring no old vehcle on road
Other impacts:
--Cost of Vechle ↑ ......impact demand @india being cost sensitive market
--Air quality index monitors following gases:
>PM = PM 2.5 and PM10
>CO
>SOx
>NOx
>Ozone
Comments
Post a Comment