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 Article 22 22(1): ->Arrested person should be provided with "REASON FOR ARREST" ->LAWYER of his choice 22(2): ->arrested person should be brought before MAGISTRATE within 24 hour (minus travel time to magistrate) 22(3): -> 3 means TRISHUL 🔱 --> 22(1) and 22(2)  not applied : ==for enemy alien  ==If arrested for preventive detention law 22(4): ->NO PREVENTIVE DETENTION law shall authorise MORE then 3 MONTH detention unless: == advisory body having HC judge equivalent has reported for extention before expiry of said duration 22(5): ->Detained PERSON should be briefed about GROUND OF DETENTION 22(6): -> 22(5) cant force authority to disclose facts related to order which such authority considers to be against public interest to disclose. 22(7): Parliament may by law extend 3 month detention without obtaining opinion from advisory body{22(4)}  

  Supplementary Grants Supplementary Grant:  It is granted when the amount authorised by the Parliament through the appropriation act for a particular service for the current financial year is found to be  insufficient  for that year. It is specified by the  Article 115  of the constitution of India, along with Additional and Excess Grants. Other Grants: In addition to the  budget  that contains the ordinary estimates of income and expenditure for one financial year, various other grants are made by the Parliament under extraordinary or special circumstances. Apart from Supplementary Grants, these include: Additional Grant:  It is granted when a need has arisen during the current financial year for additional expenditure upon  some new service  not contemplated in the budget for that year. Excess Grant :  It is granted when money has been spent on any service during a financial year  in excess of the amount granted  f...

most important articles of the constitution for UPSC. Article 12 –35 Specify the Fundamental Rights available Article 36-50 Specify the Directive Principles of state policy Article 51A Specifies the Fundamental Duties of every citizen Article 80 Specifies the number of seats for the Rajya Sabha Article 81 Specifies the number of seats for the Lok Sabha Article 343 Hindi as official language Article 356 Imposition of President’s Rule in states Article 370 Special status to Kashmir Article 395 Repeals India Independence Act and Government of India Act, 1935 Part 1 – Art. 1 to art. 4 Article 1- Name and territory of the union. Article 2 – Admission and Establishment of the new state. Article 3 – Formation of new states and alteration of areas, boundaries, and name of existing states. Part 2 – Art. 5 to art. 11 Article 5 – Citizenship at the commencement of the constitution. Article 6- Rights of citizenship of certain person who have migrated to India from Pakistan. Article 10- continuance...

The Gram Nyayalayas Act, 2008 has been enacted to provide for the establishment of the Gram Nyayalayas at the grass roots level for the purposes of providing access to justice to the citizens at their doorsteps and to ensure that opportunities for securing justice are not denied to any citizen due to social, economic or other disabilities. Reasons  for the establishment : 1. Access to justice by the poor and disadvantaged remains a worldwide problem despite diverse approaches and strategies that have been formulated and implemented to address it. In our country, Article 39A DPSP..... click here to know about DPSP  of the Constitution directs the State to secure that the operation of the legal system promotes justice, on a basis of equal opportunity and shall provide free legal aid to ensure that opportunities for securing justice are not denied to any citizen by reason of economic or other disabilities. 2. In the recent past, the Government has taken various measures to stre...

Finance committee: ==Cant summon ministers ==Ministers cant be members   Note: Only Excess Grant  is audited by PAC  before submitting for vote in Lok Sabha. Public Account Committee Estimate committee Committee on Public Undertaking Financial Committee, Hence, Ministers can’t be summoned by them Same Same Root=GOI act 1919…came in 1921 Same Root= 1964 recommended by Krishna Menon committee Members =15 L.S + 7 R.S Ministers can not be its member Members = Only Lok Sabha (No R.S) Ministers  can not  be its member Members =15 L.S + 7 R.S    Ministers can not be its member Proportional Representation Same Same Chairmen= elected by Speaker by Tradition=LoP Chairment= elected by Speaker   By Tradition Ruling party Chairmen...

The 93rd Amendment to the Constitution directly or indirectly affects millions of citizens of this country. If Article 15(5) is permitted to remain in force, then, instead of achieving the goal of a casteless.....  Constitution A constitution is set of rules for government, often codified as a written document that establishes principles of an autonomous political entity. In the case of countries, this term refers specifically to a national constitution defining the fundamental political principles, and establishing the structure, procedures, powers and duties, of a government. By limiting the government's own reach, most constitutions guarantee certain rights to the people. The term constitution can be applied to any overall law that defines the functioning of a government, including several historical constitutions that existed before the development of modern national constitutions.  Constitution Of India The Constitution of India is the supreme law of In...