President

Syllabus= Linkage of Organised Crime with Terrorism. Terrorism Organised crime Motivation Political power(Taliban+ ISIS) + Ideology Economic power + material benefits killing Mass killing Targeted killing Priority of action Violance 1 st option 1 st threat ....violance last Approach Seek media attention Anonymity income Hizack + bombing+ attack etc Ransom +money laundrey+ smuggling + trafficking etc target Public institution+ gov building etc No such......usually contract kill / for hegemony Final agenda Make public opinion against gov...for flourishment Many politician are complicit in Organised crime.( Vohra Committee report ) Link between Terrorism and Organised Crime: --Many time terrorist depends on funding from Drugs (Golden triangle=Myanmar+Thailand+Laos; Golden Criescant=Afganishtan+Iran+Pakistan) and trafficking, whi

Loopholes and Challenges   in POSCO ......... Click here to read Child sexual abuse case.....Act...Loop holes...Posco........ Click here --Under Ministry of Women and Child Development -- statutory body set up in 2007. --under the Commission for Protection of Child Rights Act, 2005. -- Objective: objective of the commission is to protect, promote  and defend child rights in India including the rights adopted in the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child, 1989 — with an accession by India in 1992. United Nations Convention  defines a child = below 18 --State Commissions for  the protection of child’s rights are also to be established under its supervision. Powers of the National Commission for Protection of Child Rights (NCPCR): -- examines and reviews the safeguards provided  under any law for the protection of child rights. -- recommends measures to the government. -- It can present a report annually , or as it deems fit for implementation of measure

  for other answer @ GOI Act 1935.....Click here

Key word -- ASI (Archeological Survey of India) -- Alexander Cunningham who also became its first Director-General.  smuggling statues -- To read in detail abou "Antiquities and Art Treasuries Act" .....click here

Chapter 13 WEATHER Clouds classification: 1)High Cloud  ( Ci= Cirrus) a) Cirrus ↓ b) Cirrocummulus ↓ Globular mass forming ripple: c) Cirrostratus ↓ Thin white sheet...sun or moon forms halo. 2)Medium Cloud: a) Altocummulus ↓ Waves in blue sky.== fine weather b)Altostratus ↓ Denser grayish cloud ====watery look.....sun shines faintly 3)Low Cloud a) Stratocummulus ↓ Wave more pronounce then Altocummulus. Rough Bumpy cloud....bright ans shaded part. b)Stratus↓ appears= low ceiling of FOG. c)Nimbostratus ↓ Dark and rainy===light drizzle==low visiblity 4) Cloud with great Verticle extent: a)Cummulus ↓ b)Cumulonimbus ↓ Haze / Mist / Fog: Haze =Dry inland continent= Low humidity (less then 75 %)= smoke+ dust blurrs Mist =Dry inland continent= High Humidity ===cloud at ground level. Fog =Coastal= High Humidity= very thick....surface more cooler.

Chapter 63 Tribunal (Part 14 A): --42 nd Amendment = Tribunals --Type= 1)Administrative    2) for other purpose Administrative Tribunal ( AT )   (Ar 323 A ): --Took the powers(@adjudication over service dispute, civil in nature) from court to Central Gov. -- Tribunal provided= Speedy + inexpensive Justice. --How speedy = does not follow CrPC.=follows NATURAL JUSTICE. --2 Type Administrative = CAT (Centre)   and SAT (state) CAT (Central Administrative Tribunal): --Original Jurisdiction (Sidha tribunal ana hai) --Services included = All India Services + Central Services = only Civil post. --Services NOT included= Civil post in Defence+ Supreme court +secretarial staff of Parliament. -- Structure = 1 Chairman +65   Member                     >Member = equivalent to HC judge.                     >Appointed by = President                     >Recommended by=high power selection Committee = Chaired by sitting judge of SC nominated by CJI .===Approved

Chapter   12 The Oceans --International Council for the Exploration of sea. ===does reserch/ funding. Ocean Relief 1)The continental shelf:   >Formation = 1)Sea level ↑   2)Wave Erosion   3) Deposition.   >Wider the shelf===less slope.   >Mountainous region==Like that of Andes==No shelf is possible.   >Transportation:      >>continental shelf=limited depth + gentle slope= Height of Tide ↑ .      >>makes Port construction difficult===Ships can leave/enter during Tides .      >>Yet some of worlds greatest port are in continental shelf=London + Rotterdam, Hong kong and Singapore.      >>Ports in Western coast > Eastern coast.        >>> West coast=Deep=non deltaic river+ coast of submergence , Except Malabar coast.        >>> East Coast=shallow shelf= sediment by river+ Coast of Emergant.   >Life= shallow +Light = Phytoplankton= Fishing ground. 2)The continental Slope = at the edge of continental she

Chapter 62 Public Services (Ar 308-314) Part 14 Classification: 1)All India Services   2)Central Services   3)State Services. 1)All India Services: --Common to both Central and State government. --Members occupies   Top positions ……..Serves in turn to both Centre and State. --Serves Centre= on deputation after -- Recruited/   Trained = Central Gov………….assigned work in state. -- Immediate control === State gov = No disciplinary action . -- Ultimate control = Central Gov= can take disciplinary action --Types:   > 1) IAS   2) IPS 3) IFS (Indian forest Service, added in 1966). 2)Central Services: --“Third Pay Commission” = changed the name from Group 1,2,3,4 to Group A, B (subordintate to A) , C (clerck) and D (Mannual). -- IFS (Indian Foreign Services) =Top among all Central service= Come next to IAS in ranking …..more pay scale then IPS. 3)State Services:   --Occupy lower position then those of “all India Services”. --like Central services, State Service

CHAPTER 11 Islands and coral reef Types if Island: 1) Continental    2)Oceanic 1)Continental Island --Formation = subsidence of land / Rise in sea level. --Identification= similar type of structure, flora, fauna with diff surface features. -- Type = a) Individual Island b)Archipelago Island c)Festoon Island. a) Individual Island : >Lie just outside the continent. >almost same features as of parent continent. >Ex- Newfound land = strait of Belle Isle;          Madagascar = by Mozambique channel;          Sril lanka = Pak strait;          Tasmania = Bass strait;           Formosa = Formosa strait; Note: Strait= narrow water body connecting two large water body.             Channel = large water body it also connects two large water body, but due to lack of narrowness it appears as if its separating two landmass. b)Archipelagoes: >group of island. >Ex- British isle; Balearic Island of Mediterranean Sea and Islands of Aegean Sea. >belari